Soft Tissue Tumors

 

·  A soft tissue tumor is persistent and usually enlarges over time as they do not go away without treatment. In the early stage, patients rarely report pain. 

  • ·  Their growth rates vary between cases such that substantial increases in size could take weeks to years. Once a lesion is diagnosed as a soft tissue tumor, the dentist may work with a pathologist and other health care providers in order to determine whether the tumor is benign or malignant.
  • A benign tumor usually has a slower growth rate and better-defined borders or edges. A malignant neoplasm often causes pain and ulceration of the epithelium. 
  • They typically grow quickly. A benign tumor may move a tooth. A malignant growth can invade nearby muscles, nerves, blood vessels, and connective tissues. 
  • They usually remain in place when palpated. Malignant tumors may loosen teeth.
·  Benign Epithelial Tumors of Oral Mucosa

·  A benign epithelial tumor of the oral mucosa is usually in the squamous epithelium. They are firm, white to tan in color, and have a surface that is rough or warty. They are fixed in place on the surface mucosa. Papilloma, verruca, and condyloma are warts that result from infection with the human papillomavirus.

  • ·  Papilloma (squamous papilloma)

Papilloma is a benign enlargement. Patients rarely report pain. It has rough, white, cauliflower-like surfaces with many finger-like processes. 

It does not invade nearby tissue. A biopsy is a treatment and recurrence is not likely.

Verruca Vulgaris

Verruca Vulgaris is a benign enlargement of the epithelial skin and mucosa. It has a broad base, and patients rarely report symptoms. It looks rough, white, and wart-like. 

There may be one or more warts. They can spread to other parts of the body by touching. Excisional biopsy is the treatment of choice.

 

Condyloma Acuminatum

Condyloma acuminatum is a warty enlargement of the soft tissue. It is spread sexually and often causes multiple lesions. Surgical excision is the treatment of choice. 

In order to avoid a recurrence, the patient’s sexual partner should also receive treatment

 

Granular Cell Tumor

- This Schwann cell tumor is benign. 

- Treatment is an excisional biopsy.

Rhabdomyoma

- This rare tumor arises from skeletal muscles. 

- It grows on the tongue.

Congenital Epulis

- This grows on the gums of infants. 

- Almost 90 percent of the cases are in females.

Peripheral Giant Cell Granuloma

- This tumor grows on the gingiva. 

- Excisional biopsy is the treatment.

Pyogenic Granuloma

- This enlargement results from minor injuries. 

- It grows quickly and often ulcerates.

Leiomyoma

- This growth in the oral cavity arises from blood vessels. 

- Complete surgical removal of the vessel is needed.

Papillary Cystadenoma Lymphomatosum

- This tumor comes from salivary tissue in lymph nodes from the parotid gland. 

- Surgical removal is needed.

Polymorphous Low-grade Adenocarcinoma

- This malignant tumor is from the salivary gland. 

- It grows slowly and is not painful

·  Benign Salivary Gland Neoplasms of Oral Mucosa

·  Benign tumors in the salivary glands grow slowly and are rarely tender. The oral mucosa is often normal in appearance. They can originate on the soft palate, cheeks, or around the tongue or lips. Some malignant salivary tumors behave like benign tumors, so excision and biopsy are recommended.

  • ·Pleomorphic Adenoma 

- This is the most common salivary gland tumor, and they often occur on the parotid gland. 

- They may also occur on the hard palate. Complete surgical removal is indicated.

 Papillary Cystadenoma Lymphomatosum

- This tumor arises from salivary gland tissue stuck in a lymph node. 

- Most cases occur in the parotid gland. Bilateral occurrence is common.

Polymorphous Low-grade Adenocarcinoma

- This malignant tumor grows slowly over many years. 

- It occurs in minor salivary glands and requires surgical excision.

Acininc Cell Adenocarcinoma

- This malignant tumor is also common in the parotid gland. 

- It grows slowly but may cause pain or numbness. The entire gland may need to be removed.

Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma

- This malignant tumor is also common in the parotid gland. 

- It grows slowly but may cause pain or numbness. The entire gland may need to be removed.

Mucoepidermoid Carcinoma

- This malignant tumor grows slowly and consists of mucous and epithelial cells. 

- They may metastasize. Complete surgical excision is needed.

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